Ponds
Ponds can fulfill various decorative and functional functions on the plot or in the garden. There should be a water reservoir on the plot for storing water. If you intend to arrange a leisure and decorative area with a decorative and utility pool, the water point will have to be as close as possible to this pool. Next to the pool for the cultivation of aquatic plants, fish farming, a water reservoir should be provided, from which you can draw water heated by the air, for watering. The pool can be made in a simple way, using a concrete circle for this purpose, which can be easily purchased in concrete plants, producing the so-called. well circles. A concrete circle is let into a dug round pit, so that its top edge is located 5 cm below ground level. It is also possible to only partially immerse the vertebrae. A 20 cm layer of rubble is laid at the bottom of the circle, beat well and poured with water. Prepare a cement mortar in proportion: 1 part of the gravel and 3 cement parts, and poured it over the compacted rubble. When the mortar sets, a layer of concrete of the same ratio is applied to it. In the case of a concave vertebra, paving slabs are laid on its upper edge, and the joints are filled with cement mortar.
Sometimes such a pool can be made of clinker bricks, from prefabricated elements or from concrete poured into the formwork. The thickness of the concrete walls can be 7 cm, if the following conditions are met:
– as small as possible, but the correct water to cement ratio;
– proper selection of individual ingredients;
– precise compaction of the prepared mass;
– making continuous walls – continuously,
– carrying out works during warm and dry weather.
Concrete tightness is ensured by Hydrobet, added in quantity 1,5% the weight of the cement, the Klutan – in an amount 0,15% the weight of the cement. For cement finish, placed on the inside of the tank, Murosan B is added, dissolved in water in the ratio 1 :6, or performs fluorination, i.e.. impregnation with salts of fluosilicic acid. From the outside, it is recommended to seal with water glass mixed with cement. Concrete walls thicker (above 10 cm thick) it is sealed by saturation from the inside with fluates and from the outside with emulsion and asphalt solutions – lepikiem.
The simplest and cheapest bottom in small tanks is a 30 cm layer of well mixed clay, covered with a 5 cm layer of compacted gravel. You can also make the bottom of various types of plastics, e.g. polyurethane film, laid on a 5 cm layer of sand or on a 10 cm clay foundation, covered with a 15 cm layer of sandy clay. The joints with the wall must be carefully fixed in an appropriately previously made recess. The plant pool should have a depression in the bottom, in which we plant the plants after we have covered the soil. Such a recess should be made during the construction of the pool. The size and depth of the depressions depends on the plant, which we are going to plant; e.g. for water lilies (Nymphaea) a width of 0.5X0.5m is required, depth 0,4- 0,6 m (the depth of the water in the pool 0,5 do 2 m).
The user of the garden must ensure that he has good water and sufficient amounts. Water from the mains is cold and devoid of many chemical compounds useful for plants, in addition, it contains significant amounts of chlorine. Also water is extracted from considerable depths (from the well) it is cold and used directly under the plants it inhibits their growth, just like tap water. Therefore, water should not be used for watering immediately after it is taken from the network or well. Pools are built to condition it, discussed earlier.
The garden plotter should ensure the possibility of drawing water on his own plot, so as not to waste time or effort bringing it from the general point of water abstraction, sometimes quite distant. If the allotment garden is equipped with a water supply system, supplying water to the plot should not cause any special difficulties – even at a fairly considerable distance from the nearest network conductor. Usually anyway, by establishing an allotment garden, the board secures the construction of general pipes, leaving the so-called. tees. If they are missing, connect yourself by drilling a hole in the conduit, that is, by connecting with a band. Steel pipes should be protected against corrosion with a protective coating, e.g. tape "Denso”, insulation strip made of jute soaked with asphalt, etc.. In order to protect against freezing, the cable should be laid in the ground at a depth of at least 1,7 m. Also remember, that the water pipe should be at a distance of at least 2 m from parallel electric cables as well as gas and sewage pipes. Tam, where we cannot use the water supply, Abyssinian wells must be built, collecting the shallow supernal water. You can build other wells as well, however, the cost of building them is much higher. The location of the water point will depend on the overall garden development plan.