ROADS AND PASSAGES
In the backyard garden, the main path is the access to the front door of the residential house (on the plot – a path leading to the gazebo and the recreation area). Paths, that is, the transition, they are used for walking to the cultivation sites, compost pile, inspects, foil tunnel, greenhouses etc.. The following types of pavement may be used for these paths and passages:
– improved earth,
– pebble,
– brick,
– hardened multi-plastic,
– concrete,
– fortified with grass.
Ground surface (ground) The improved one consists of a layer 1 5-20-centimeter clay mixed with sand in proportion 1/3-1/4 clay and 2/3-3/4 sand, wet rolled successively in 4.5 cm layers. On clay soils, a 3-5 cm layer of sand is additionally applied at the bottom, as drainage; the cross slope should be 4%. This rather poor surface is improved by the addition of hydrated lime (dehydrated).
Gravel surfaces can be 1-layer and 3-layer. The first ones consist of a 5 cm layer of clay laid at the bottom of the trough, and above it a 7.8 cm layer of granulated gravel 10-20 mm. By rolling, these components are combined and the gaps are filled with clay when the shaft is pressed. The 3-layer surface is more durable. It consists of: 10-15-centimeter stone or gravel foundation with granulation 30-70 mm, slightly rolled, a wet sand and gravel layer with a thickness of 2-3 cm, about grain granulation 15-30 mm, a rolled layer of gravel with a thickness 5 cm, about grain granulation 10-15 mm. It is added to the top layer 0,81 kg in 1 m2 of lime chloride or hydrated lime, cement in relation to 1:5, coal dust - all mixing together.
The brick surface consists of an 8-cm bottom layer made of crushed stone with grain granulation 40 mm, 3-centimeter layer of rolled crushed stone with granulation 5-25 mm and a 3-5 cm top layer, composed of 80% well-baked ground bricks, e.g. from the roof tiles, i 20% brick clay, mixed with limestone in a ratio 2:1; these ingredients must be mixed and wet rolled.
A multi-layer hardened surface is made of various materials: natural stone (cobblestone, crushed stone, cubes, plates), concrete and its combination with brick, bitumen and ceramic blocks. You just need to choose the right proportions, taking into account the types of materials, their color and texture. The above surfaces can also be used for making lounges next to the gazebo.
Easier to build will be a path made of regularly arranged concrete or broken slabs and natural stone – the most common sandstone. Concrete slabs can be colored, with dimensions of 35X35X5 cm or 50X50X7 cm. They are commercially available. Such plates can also be used on lawns. Properly arranged, they are a decorative element in the garden. The boards should be placed on a sand bed with a thickness 5-8 cm.
Loosely laid concrete slabs are more popular. When laying the boards, the speed of movement of users should be taken into account. The gaps between the plates should be equal to the average step length, which is: spacer, walk is slow – 625 mm, normal gait – 750 mm, fast gait – 875 mm. These boards can also be laid without sand bedding, sinking them into the ground on 3-4 cm. Great care is required when laying them.