Onion perennials
Lilia - Lilium
This genus includes a great number of species and varieties with extremely diverse external characteristics. The size of the plants varies greatly, from 30 do 200 cm. White flowers, yellow, orange and red. Most of the cultivated species bloom from May to the end of August.
Lilies are very often grown as cut flowers and are widely used in flower arrangements. Some species are suitable for accelerated cultivation in greenhouses.
Lilies reproduce most often by separating young bulbs, the planting of adventitious bulbs produced by certain species on the shoots; and the planting of onion scales.
Lilies require a compact soil, deeply cultivated, rich in humus and sufficiently permeable. They react badly to excess calcium in the soil.
The bulbs are planted at a depth of 15-20 cm in autumn, and late-flowering varieties - in spring.
For decorative purposes, it is recommended to plant bulbs in the vicinity of low plants, shading the soil, or mulching the soil. Every few years, the bulbs should be dug up and planted after the soil is properly supplied.
In bed cultivation, the plants remain in the same place for 2-3 years.
Narcissus - Narcissus
A well-known plant that is easy to grow, mass-planted in gardens, grown as a cut flower and used for acceleration under glass.
There are a great number of varieties in cultivation. They bloom from late April through May. The flowers are white, creamy or yellow. Varieties with an orange-colored cap are very common.
Narcissi is very easy to reproduce from incoming bulbs, which separates after excavation.
Daffodils require clay-sandy soils rich in humus and sufficiently moist. These requirements are lower than that of hyacinths and tulips. They grow best in sufficiently sunny positions.
Bulbs grown for reproduction are planted in the beds and dug up every year after the end of the growing season.. It should be planted to a depth of 10-15 cm, at the end of August and September. Daffodils planted for decorative purposes bloom best in 2-3 years and therefore we replant them every 3-5 years.
Some varieties may freeze in our climatic conditions, therefore it is recommended to cover the ground slightly for the winter.
Grape hyacinth - Muscari
The grape hyacinth is a short plant with blue flowers, blooming in late April or early May. This plant is most often grown as a cut flower, it is also often planted in gardens and used for acceleration under glass.
It reproduces very easily by producing large numbers of adventitious bulbs.
Grape hyacinth grows best in fertile soils, carious. The sapphire leaves do not dry out in summer and remain almost until late autumn, therefore excavation should take place in September, and should be planted as soon as possible after digging to a depth of 8-10 cm.
Sapphires planted on flowerbeds may remain there, not replanted there for several years.
Saffron, crocus - Crocus
Most cultivated crocus varieties bloom early in spring. There are also autumn flowering plants in cultivation. They are plants with small tubers, annually renewed and forming new incoming tubers. White flowers, yellow or lilac.
Crocuses are reproduced by separating new tubers.
Crocuses should be planted in light soils, permeable, sufficiently rich in humus and calcium-free. Pitches - only sunny.
Planting depth 4-10 cm, depending on the size of the tubers. Crocuses can be planted in flower beds or lawns, where they can stay for several years.
For the reproduction of bulbs, crocuses are grown in the beds and should be dug up after the end of vegetation, just like tulips. It should be planted in September or October, and autumn-flowering varieties - at the end of July.
Crocuses are excellent plants to speed up greenhouse cultivation.
Grasses on lawns, where crocuses grow, do not mow until the crocus leaves turn yellow, that is, until the end of vegetation.
Tulip - Tulip
Among the bulbous plants, tulip takes the leading position in terms of production volume and versatility of use. The cultivation of tulips is carried out primarily in order to obtain bulbs for accelerated cultivation under glass.
The number of varieties is extremely large. Generally, only a few of the best known and proven ones are cultivated. The varieties differ in the time of flowering, height, color, and the size of the flowers.
Flowering lasts from late April to early June. The flowers are white, yellow orange and red, less often violet-blue.
Reproduction - only by separating incoming bulbs.
Tulips are very vigorous plants and can withstand harsh conditions. However, achieving good bulbs and large flowers is possible only thanks to cultivation in adequately fertile and moist soil.. Soils are considered to be the best soils, because they are very fertile and sufficiently moist. The growing season for tulips is very short, therefore, during this period, plants should not be exposed to a lack of nutrients and a sufficient amount of water.
Tulips are planted in late September or October to a depth of approx 10 cm. The soil should be deeply tilled and fed with mineral fertilizers. In winter, it is recommended to cover the beds with a thin layer of peat mulch, which protects against too deep freezing of the soil, which may delay the start of vegetation in spring. Spring mulch protects the soil against excessive evaporation. In spring it should be fed with nitrogen fertilizers, loosen the surface of the earth and weed it very carefully. Plants should be watered during drought. The flowers of plants grown to achieve bulbs are cut before or shortly after flowering, so as not to weaken the plant by seed formation.
The bulbs are dug out at the beginning of the yellowing of the leaves and stored in a dry and cool place, and then cleans and sorts. Plants planted in flower beds can remain for several years, if grown in sufficiently fertile soil and properly fertilized.