TWO-YEAR ORNAMENTAL PLANTS
Development cycle, and production of biennial plants lasts for two growing seasons - that is why they are sometimes called biennial, although many of them may survive for more than two years.
Usually the seeds of biennials are sown in the frames or on the seedbed in the first half of summer. When the seedlings will develop two or three leaves, they are also quilted to an inspection or to a seedbed with a spacing appropriate for a given plant species. At the end of August or in the first decade of September, the seedlings are planted into the ground in beds or permanently - where they will bloom in the following year.
Biennial plants winter in the ground, some, however, require covering during winter - especially when it is frosty and without snowfall. The best cover in this case are conifer branches, although cereal or corn straw can also be used, as well as peat, however, it should be remembered, to remove such covers early in the spring, as holding it down may damage the growing and flowering plants. Here are the more important species of biennial plants:
Garden pansy - Viola wittrockiana
It is one of the most popular biennial plants. There are many groups here, races and types such as. giant Swiss pansies, pansies ,orchids "and others. There are many varieties of garden pansies with a wide range of colors - dark navy blue, Violet, blue, edge, Brown, vermilion, yellow, White, as well as two-color and multi-color.
Pansies are usually used on flower beds in cities, they are also suitable for decorating balconies and windows, as well as home gardens and cemeteries. Increasingly, they are also grown as cut flowers, because in the spring small bunches of these flowers’ are eagerly bought.
Pansy seeds are sown from the second half of June to the first days of July in an inspection or on a seedbed. On 1 4-5 g of seeds are sown in the window. Cover the seeds lightly with soil and shade them well after watering until the plants emerge. It only quilts then, when emergence is too dense (spacing 4X5 cm). At the end of August - in the first half of September, seedlings are planted in the beds (7—8 lines per bed, a w linii co 15 cm). In winter, a cover patch is good, preferably fir, especially in snow-free winters. In the second half of April - at the beginning of May, pansies are dug out of the beds and planted permanently.
Sometimes winter sowing is used (February) in the inspection; then it still blooms in the same year, but this method of cultivation is practiced rather in the cultivation of pansies for seed - annual production. However, it should be remembered, that with a one-year cultivation cycle, the seed harvest will be much lower than with a two-year one.
Garden bell - Campanula medium
It grows to a height of several dozen centimeters. The bell-shaped flowers that cover the plant profusely are purple, blue, lilac, pink and white. There are single flowers here, half full, as well as the so-called. cup or saucer, in which the colored goblet is formed in the form of a saucer. Bells are grown primarily as cut flowers, also suitable for discounts, and even to groups.
The seeds are sown in the second half of May - at the beginning of June for the inspection at 3X5 cm spacing. At the beginning of September, the beds are planted in spacing 30 X 30 cm.
They grow well in a sunny position, sheltered, on fertile and moist soil. They bloom in June - July of the following year after sowing.
Carnation - Dianthus
Among the biennial cloves of the Dianthus caryophyllus species, varieties of the Grenadin group or earlier are most often cultivated in the ground., the so-called. Viennese dwarf. They grow to a height of 35-50 cm, they have quite large flowers, usually full (do 75% full), White, pink, yellow, Red, strongly fragrant. They bloom in late June - early July. They are grown as a cut flower. They tolerate transplanting well, even during the flowering period.
Seeds are sown in mid-May for a cold inspection. On 1 the window is seeding 5 g nasion. When the seedlings have 3-4 leaflets, they should be quilted at a 5X5 cm spacing. The seedlings are planted to the ground in August at a distance of approx 25 cm. In winter, it should be protected against hares.
They grow best on a warm one, clay-sandy soil in a sunny position.
The bearded carnation is also often grown (Dianthus barbatus) with small white flowers, pink and carmine, collected in thistle inflorescences with a diameter of approx 10 cm. It is grown as a cut flower or used for rebates.
Seeds are sown in May-June for inspection (3 g na 1 window), the seedlings are quilted at a 5X5 cm spacing, and in August-September, they are planted in beds or discounts in spacing 20 X 30 cm.
It requires a sandy loam soil, moist and not freshly fertilized and sunny position, it grows worse on too moist soil. It is a frost-resistant plant - it hibernates perfectly. It blooms in June-July of the next year after sowing.
Siberian poppy - Papnver nudicaule
The flowers are small, scarlet, orange, yellow and white. These poppies are used for discounts, and also grows as a cut flower - then it is cut in half-developed buds.
Due to the poor acceptance of plants during transplanting, seeds should be sown directly in permanent places in May or June. Sowing should be sparse (50 g na 1 ar); with dense sowing, the plants are interrupted, leaving every 10-15 cm. In winter, the plants should be lightly covered. It blooms in May-June of the following year.
It grows best and blooms most profusely in a sunny position in fertile soil, deeply cultivated.
Mallow Althaen rosea
A very decorative plant, about long (do 2 m) the stems, covered with large flowers. The most spectacular are the mallows, with a rich color scale, mostly clear, pastel, but there are also varieties with darker colors, like cherry and scarlet.
It is a well-known plant in Poland and willingly grown in home and allotment gardens - used for planting perennial groups and planted near fences and roads. Mallow grows best in sunny places, on fertile soil, permeable, moderately moist.
Mallow seeds are sown at the end of May for inspection, then the beds are picked at intervals of 20-30 cm. It is planted on a permanent place in spacing 30 X 50 cm in September or spring (best), by moving with a large lump of earth. Malwa can survive in the same place for 3–4 years, however, it develops the most beautiful flowers in the second year of cultivation.