Potato onion
Tam, where ordinary onions fail, you can grow potato soup, which is very resistant to low temperatures and has lower soil requirements. It manages both on the sands, and on heavy clays. One planted bulb produces nests of yellow or red bulbs, flat on one side and easily separable from each other. Its disadvantage is too spicy taste and smell, hardness and low juiciness. Soil cultivation and fertilization are identical to common onions. Side bulbs are planted 10-15X20-30 cm apart, just like a speech bubble. Harvesting takes place around mid-August, when the chives dries. The small bulbs are intended for planting.
Seven-year-old onion
A seven-year-old girl differs from ordinary onions only in this, that it doesn't produce one spherical onion, but – just like Kartoflanka – an entire compact nest of misshapen brown-scaled bulbs. It is a permanent plant; it owes its name to this, that it can grow in one place for several years. It perfectly tolerates frosts and produces chives early, when the old onion is almost gone, and the young one has not yet grown up.
The seven-year-old is a plant with a not too deep root system, hence the place intended for its cultivation should be very carefully cultivated and fertilized. A seven-year-old is grown from seedlings, which is obtained from seeds sown on a seedbed in April, or by dividing clumps of bulbs in the fall. The seedlings are planted at a distance of 30 x 20 cm. You can also sow a seven-year-old into the ground at the end of summer or in spring in rows 30 cm, then stop, leaving plants co 15-20 cm. The chives are cut in early spring.
Multi-story onion
Multi-story onion, known as tree or gable onion, it is a permanent plant, forming a nest of small ones in the soil, misshapen onions with dark red to purple scales. The chives are thick, rigid, dark green, tasty. The plant develops various types of inflorescence shoots, producing flowers and tiny purple air bulbs in diameter 1-2 cm or just the bulbs (plants), usually 5-7 pieces. Often, inflorescence shoots develop from these bulbs, also forming bulbs at the top, although usually smaller. Under good growing conditions, this onion can produce three stories [14], The edible parts are: early spring – green or autumn chives – after the plants have dried – air and underground bulbs. Larger bulbs are intended for consumption, and the change serves as propagating material.
This plant is resistant to low temperatures, hibernates well in the ground. The soil and cultivation requirements are the same as common onions. It is propagated from gable or underground bulbs. These bulbs are planted in the ground in early spring or autumn, spaced 30-40X20 cm.. The spacing of plants depends on the time of growing in the same place; in the case of perennial cultivation, they are planted at a distance of 50-60X30 cm. It should not be grown in one place longer than 2-3 years. In the spring time, after the production of seed shoots, it should be tied to the stakes.
Pearl Onion
Pearl onion is a permanent plant, height approx 30-60 cm, grown for canning. This onion does not produce one main onion, only side adventitious bulbs, the size of a hazelnut, with whitish or silvery scales. The leaves are evenly narrow, width 1-2,5 cm. Inflorescences are underdeveloped and do not produce seeds, therefore it reproduces vegetatively. It has low thermal requirements and withstands winters without additional cover.
Light soils are best suited for the cultivation of this onion, sandy, high humus content, sufficiently moist, but not waterlogged. The bulbs are planted from late August to mid-September, at a distance of 20X4 cm, in depth 2 cm. When planting, the soil around the bulbs should be carefully compressed. They will take root in the fall. They are left for the next year, taking care that the bed does not get weeded. Before planting, after harvesting the forecrop, the bed is digging up and fed with mineral fertilizers. Harvesting is carried out, when the chives are dry, which takes place in August, selecting bulbs by hand, after prying it off with a spade. The collected onions are dried, and then sifted through a sieve (made of wire with appropriate eyelets), in order to separate the larger ones for use, and smaller ones for planting.
Shallot
Shallot is a permanent plant, but grown as a biennial. It has chives that reach height 1 5-100 cm, inside empty, and minor, elongated or spherical bulbs, forming nests. They are dark in color, gray-violet, length 1-1,5 cm, diameter 0,5-2 cm. Some types of shallots form inflorescences and develop seeds similar to common onions. The bulbs have a very mild flavor and are used for canning. The fertilization requirements are similar to those of ordinary onions; it is cultivated in the second year after manure, using the same doses of fertilizers.
Shallots are propagated vegetatively, by planting tiny bulbs in early spring, usually in April, at a distance of 30X8-10 cm, at a depth of not more than 0,5 cm below the soil surface. If it produces seeds, it can be reproduced, by preparing the seedling like ordinary onions. Nursing plants consists in destroying weeds and feeding them with saltpetre. The bulbs are harvested in July, when the chives wither, it dries out and is stored like ordinary onions.