Chemical decontamination of soil. One of the most commonly used decontaminants is formalin. For decontamination, a solution is prepared taking 2.5-5 liters of commercial 40% formalin per 100 1 water. On 1 m2 of the greenhouse area is poured 10-15 l of the solution and the ground is covered with a tarpaulin or foil. When decontaminating the soil in piles on 1 m3 of land is used up 25 1 solution. The height of the prism should not exceed 50 cm.
A few days after decontamination with formalin, the soil has to be dug up, that vapors harmful to plants evaporate. Sow and plant only after 2 weeks.
Currently, other ready-made preparations are used for chemical disinfection. They include:. in. V a p a m. On 1 m2 of area is used approx 200 ml of Vapam dissolved in 5 l of water. This solution is sprinkled over a furrow on a furrow, He digs up another one next to it and covers the soil with a previously sprinkled furrow. In this way, the entire surface of the greenhouse is excavated and disinfected. After the treatment, the soil must "lay down" - at a temperature above 5 ° - through 20 days, at a temperature above 15 ° - approx 7 days. After this time has elapsed, we dig the soil and sow or plant the plants within 4-5 weeks after disinfection. To be sure, lettuce is sown by trial; if it doesn't wilt, the land is usable.
Trapex preparations are also used for chemical soil disinfection, Terrafun, Ceresan Universal Nassbeize. They are used according to the recipe on the packaging.
Decontamination of premises
Greenhouse disinfection should be carried out at the end of each cultivation cycle. Plant debris should not be removed prior to decontamination, because, when put into compost, they could become a source of spreading diseases and pests.
For disinfecting greenhouses, you can:. in. use formalin. A 2% solution is prepared (5 l formaliny na 100 l of water) and sprinkles it on the walls and roof of the greenhouse. Spray should be in a mask and protective clothing.
An even better method of decontamination is sulfur gasification. They are carried out as follows. Finely broken sulfur is spread on pieces of metal sheet. On 1 m3 is allocated 15 g of sulfur. In the greenhouse, the doors are closed, the vents are closed, and the sulfur is ignited. The temperature of the greenhouse during gassing should not be lower than 10 °. The next day, the greenhouse is aired until the characteristic smell of sulfur has disappeared, and removes plant residues.
Decontamination of tools and equipment
After the end of the growing season, you should also decontaminate the crates and inspection windows, seed boxes, quilting pins, flower pots etc.. They are disinfected by:. in. 2-percent formalin solution or 5 percent copper sulfate solution. Larger items are stacked and sprayed generously, fine can be immersed in the above liquids. After decontamination, the items should be covered with a tarpaulin or foil.
Tuber disinfection, onions, cuttings and seeds
In order to combat nematodes, disinfection with water at 43 ° can be used; the cuttings are dipped into it 10 min., and hyacinth bulbs for 2.5-4 hours.
Chemical decontamination is also often used - onions, tubers or rhizomes are immersed in formalin solution or 0.25% Ceresan Universal Nassbeize. 0.2-3% solutions of thiuram preparations are used to disinfect the seedlings.