Sowing technique
Ornamental plant seeds are sown in wooden and plastic boxes, bowls or pots (in the greenhouse), to frames or directly to the ground. It depends on many factors - the destination of the crops and the length of the growing season and the production cycle of individual plant species.
Sowing times. When propagating ornamental plants from seeds, the following sowing times can be distinguished:
1) winter sowing,
2) early spring sowing,
3) late spring sowing,
4) sow summer,
5) autumn sowing.
The seeds of other plants are sown at each of the mentioned seasons; it depends on the timing, for which you want to have flowering plants or a seedling produced, on the length of the germination period, as well as the speed of plant growth.
Basically the seeds of all plants, which will be grown in the greenhouse throughout the production period, it is sown in winter and early spring, some only in summer and fall, so e.g.. asparagus (asparagus) in January, palm trees in January-February, primroses (primroses) in February- May - ash pan (cyneraria) in June-July, cyclamen in September.
Plants with a longer growing season, which are cultivated in the ground later in their growth, they are sown in greenhouses or frames during the winter or early spring period, e.g. begonia - in January, sage, lobelia, petunia, ageratum - in February, snapdragon (lion's face) and balsamin - in March. Plants with a shorter growing season are usually sown directly into the ground in the late spring, e.g. sweet peas, calendula, whipworm, maciejkę - in April, nasturtium - in May. Biennial plants are usually sown in the summer, e.g. bratek, hundredfold, forget-me-not - in June-July.
Sowing into boxes. Dishes, to which the seeds are to be sown, should be clean, disinfected. A drainage layer is laid at the bottom of the box in the form of shells from broken pots, small stones and gravel, then the vessel is filled up to the height 3/4 soil suitable for plants, to be sown (most often it is a mixture of leaf and frame soil, relative 3:1 with an admixture of sand and peat). The soil is slightly pressed down, especially along the edge of the box or bowl, in the corners of the box, and the rest of the vessel is filled with earth sifted through a fine sieve, the surface is leveled with a board, and then - if sowing is to be in rows - a line is marked with a marker.
Very fine seeds, like for example. gloxinia seeds, begonias and lobelias, it is sown broadcast, i.e.. over the entire surface of the box, no row marking. This is done as follows; the seeds are placed in a bag or on a piece of paper and - shaking slightly - it is spread evenly over the entire surface of the box. If you are not experienced in distributing fine seeds evenly, it is good to make a "trial sowing" on a piece of light colored paper with an area equal to the surface of the box, where the seeds are to be sown: with such trial sowing, it is also possible to select the correct amount of seeds, that the sowing is not too thick or too thin. To make it easier to sow very fine seeds, you can mix them with dry fine-grained sand. Small seeds are not covered with soil, only presses lightly with an equal, smooth plank and covered with paper, polyethylene foil or glass.
Larger seeds, like for example. cyclamen, sage etc., sown in rows and covered with a layer of sifted earth mixed with sand. The thickness of this layer should not exceed three times the thickness of the sown seeds.
Remember to keep the sowings at an appropriate and constant humidity, allow air access and maintain a constant temperature appropriate for a given species. Overdrying can cause the germinating seeds to dry out.
Sowing for inspection. Seeds sown for inspection windows (e.g. zinnia, carnations, asters, lewkonii) it is better to place in rows, using such a spacing, that it would be sufficient for developing seedlings until quilting, and in addition, it ensured the economical use of the area of the inspection window. Covering the seeds and cultivating sowing in manhole windows are the same as in greenhouses.
Sowing into the ground. Seeds of flower species, which are sown directly into the ground, should be sown in rows into well-tilled soil. If we sow relapsing, you need to mix the seeds with sand, this will ensure their even distribution.
In the ground, seeds can be sown directly on permanent sites, i.e.. on these places, where they will grow and bloom; then it should be sown quite rarely, to avoid plant breakage.
The seeds can also be sown densely into the ground, treating these sowing as "rozsaanik", and after the emergence of the plants and the development of at least one leaf, quilt at an appropriate spacing. Such sowing is used especially in the cultivation of Chinese asters.
For sown seeds until emergence of emergence - light is hardly needed; whereas, for the normal growth of seedlings, light is essential, however, it should be dispersed, as direct sunlight may burn the young, delicate plants. Watering should also be limited, in order not to cause the occurrence of parasitic fungi, and thus - the destruction of seedlings.
Nursing seedlings
Beauty treatments are mainly based on keeping in proper humidity (preferably sprinkle with a nebulizer or a finely perforated strainer), protecting against direct sunlight and regulating the temperature.
If necessary, both in boxes, As well as in manhole windows, weeds should be removed.